Interleukin 34 (IL-34) is a protein belonging to a group of cytokines called interleukins. IL-34 increases growth or survival of immune cells known as monocytes; it elicits its activity by binding the Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor. To explore the effect of IL-34 induction of bone marrow cells differentiation into macrophages,1×106 density of bone marrow cells were cultured with different concentration of recombinant mouse IL-34 for 7days, every three day changed with fresh culture. Setting the blank well without IL-34 as the control well. After 7days later, bone marrow cells culture with 1ug/ml IL-34 were significantiy differentiation into macrophages. The result observed by inverted microscope was shown on Figure1. Ink?phagocytosis?test shows ,after stimulated by IL-34, most of cells have phagocytosis function. The results were shown on Figure2.

Figure2. Ink?phagocytosis?test.